Most relationship issues are shared equally amongst couples regardless of sexual orientation.

However, there are issues that impact on same-sex relationships that are not experienced by heterosexual relationships, such as socio-cultural and legal discrimination. There may also be issues with gender–role socialisation.

In addition, often same-sex couples do not have as many role models of successful relationships as opposite sex couples.

Counselling with same-sex couples may include such issues as:

• Gender stereotypes and behaviour
• The time frame when they come out or if one or both hide their sexuality
• What is the relationship with their family of origin
• Rules around negotiated sexual activity
• How commitment is demonstrated

Helpful therapeutic strategies would include:

• Developing timely and effective communication
• Clarifying the nature of the emotional commitment to the relationship
• Developing social support networks for the relationship
• Managing issues of sex
• Developing a stronger sense of self to reinforce the relationship
• Developing an understanding of the stages of a healthy relationship such as
  • Bonding, sharing values and compatibility
  • Expressing individual desires
  • Developing a strong personal identity apart from the relationship
  • Moving close and moving away
  • Integrating intimacy into ongoing life and sexuality

Despite numerous challenges, same-sex couples can strengthen their commitment to each other enhancing their mutuality and intimacy, providing greater relationship satisfaction.